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Led Light

How LED Light Bulbs Are Made

One-hundred-and-thirty years ago, Thomas Edison completed the first successful sustained test of the incandescent light bulb. With some incremental improvements along the way, Edison’s basic technology has lit the world ever since. This is about to change. We are on the cusp of a semiconductor-based lighting revolution that will ultimately replace Edison’s bulbs with a far more energy-efficient lighting solution. Solid state LED lighting will eventually replace almost all of the hundreds of billions of incandescent and fluorescent lights in use around the world today. In fact, as a step along this path, President Obama last June unveiled new, stricter lighting standards that will support the phasing out of incandescent bulbs (which already are banned in parts of Europe).

To understand just how revolutionary LED light bulbs are as well as why they are still expensive, it is instructive to look at how they are manufactured and to compare this to the manufacture of incandescent light bulbs. This article explores how incandescent light bulbs are made and then contrasts that process with a description of the typical manufacturing process for LED light bulbs.

So, let’s begin by taking a look at how traditional incandescent light bulbs are manufactured. You will find that this is a classic example of an automated industrial process refined in over a century of experience.

While individual incandescent light bulb types differ in size and wattage, all of them have the three basic parts: the filament, the bulb, and the base. The filament is made of tungsten. While very fragile, tungsten filaments can withstand temperatures of 4,500 degrees Fahrenheit and above. The connecting or lead-in wires are typically made of nickel-iron wire. This wire is dipped into a borax solution to make the wire more adherent to glass. The bulb itself is made of glass and contains a mixture of gases, usually argon and nitrogen, which increase the life of the filament. Air is pumped out of the bulb and replaced with the gases. A standardized base holds the entire assembly in place. The base is known as the “Edison screw base.” Aluminum is used on the outside and glass used to insulate the inside of the base.

Originally produced by hand, light bulb manufacturing is now almost entirely automated. First, the filament is manufactured using a process known as drawing, in which tungsten is mixed with a binder material and pulled through a die (a shaped orifice) into a fine wire. Next, the wire is wound around a metal bar called a mandrel in order to mold it into its proper coiled shape, and then it is heated in a process known as annealing, softening the wire and makes its structure more uniform. The mandrel is then dissolved in acid.

Second, the coiled filament is attached to the lead-in wires. The lead-in wires have hooks at their ends which are either pressed over the end of the filament or, in larger bulbs, spot-welded.

Third, the glass bulbs or casings are produced using a ribbon machine. After heating in a furnace, a continuous ribbon of glass moves along a conveyor belt. Precisely aligned air nozzles blow the glass through holes in the conveyor belt into molds, creating the casings. A ribbon machine moving at top speed can produce more than 50,000 bulbs per hour. After the casings are blown, they are cooled and then cut off of the ribbon machine. Next, the inside of the bulb is coated with silica to remove the glare caused by a glowing, uncovered filament. The label and wattage are then stamped onto the outside top of each casing.

Fourth, the base of the bulb is also constructed using molds. It is made with indentations in the shape of a screw so that it can easily fit into the socket of a light fixture.

Fifth, once the filament, base, and bulb are made, they are fitted together by machines. First, the filament is mounted to the stem assembly, with its ends clamped to the two lead-in wires. Next, the air inside the bulb is evacuated, and the casing is filled with the argon and nitrogen mixture.

Finally, the base and the bulb are sealed. The base slides onto the end of the glass bulb such that no other material is needed to keep them together. Instead, their conforming shapes allow the two pieces to be held together snugly, with the lead-in wires touching the aluminum base to ensure proper electrical contact. After testing, bulbs are placed in their packages and shipped to consumers.

Light bulbs are tested for both lamp life and strength. In order to provide quick results, selected bulbs are screwed into life test racks and lit at levels far exceeding normal. This provides an accurate measure of how long the bulb will last under normal conditions. Testing is performed at all manufacturing plants as well as at some independent testing facilities. The average life of the typical household bulb is 750 to 1,000 hours, depending on wattage.

LED light bulbs are built around solid-state semiconductor devices, so the manufacturing process most closely resembles that used to make electronic products like PC mother boards.

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid state electrical circuit that generates light by the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material. LED technology has been around since the late 1960s, but for the first 40 years LEDs were primarily used in electronics devices to replace miniature light bulbs. Within the last decade, advances in the technology finally boosted light output high enough for LEDs to begin to seriously compete with incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs. As with many technologies, as the cost of production falls each successive LED generation also improves in light quality, output per watt, and heat management.

The computer industry is well suited to manufacture LED lighting. The process isn’t a whole lot different than making a computer motherboard. The companies making the LEDs themselves are generally not in the lighting business, or it is a minor part of their business. They tend to be semiconductor houses that are happy cranking out their product, which is why prices on high-output LEDs has fallen so much in the last 15 years.

LED bulbs themselves are expensive in part because it takes a number of LEDs to get wide-area illumination instead of a narrow beam, and the assembly cost adds to the overall price. In addition, assemblies consisting of arrays of LEDs create more opportunities for product defects.

An LED light consists of four essential components: an LED circuit board, a heatsink, a power supply, and a shell. The lights start out as bare printed circuit boards (PCB) and high luminance LED elements arrive from separate factories which specialize in making those components. LED elements themselves create a bit of heat, so the PCB used in lighting fixtures is special. Instead of the standard non-conductive sandwich of epoxy and fiberglass, the circuit board is laid out on a thin sheet of aluminum which acts as a heatsink.

The aluminum PCB used in LED lighting is coated with a non-conducting material and conductive copper trace lines to form the circuit board. Solder paste is then applied in the right places and then Surface Mount Technology (SMT) machines place the tiny LED elements, driver ICs, and other components onto the board at ultra high speeds.

The round shape of a traditional light bulb means that most LED printed circuit boards are circular, so for ease of handling several of the smaller circular PCBs are combined into one larger rectangular PCB that automated SMT machinery can handle. Think of it like a cupcake tray moving from one machine to the next along a conveyor belt, then at the end the individual cupcakes are snapped free from the tray.

Let’s take a look at the manufacturing steps for a typical LED light bulb meant to replace a standard incandescent bulb with an Edison Screw. You will see that it is a very different process from the highly automated processes used to manufacture our familiar incandescent bulbs. And, despite what you might imagine, people are still very much a necessary part of manufacturing process, and not just for testing and Quality Assurance either.

Once the larger sheets of LED circuit boards have passed through a solder reflow oven (a hot air furnace that melts the solder paste), they are broken up into the individual small circuit boards and power wires manually soldered on.

The small power supply housed in the body of the light bulb goes through a similar process, or may be delivered complete from another factory. In either case, the manufacturing steps are the same; first the PCB passes through SMT lines, then it goes to a manual dual in-line package (DIP) assembly line where a long row of factory workers add one component at a time. DIP refers to the two parallel rows of leads projecting from the sides of the package. DIP components include all integrated chips and chip sockets.

While LED lights burn several times longer than incandescent or CFLs and require less than half the energy, they need some form of passive heatsink keep the high-power LEDs from overheating. The LED circuit board, which is made from 1.6-2mm thick aluminum, will conduct the heat from the dozen or so LED elements to the metal heatsink frame and thus keep temperatures in check. Aluminum-backed PCBs are sometimes called “metal core printed circuit boards,” and though made of a conductive material the white coating is electrically isolating. The aluminum PCB is screwed in place within the heatsink which forms the lower half of the LED light bulb.

After this, the power connector board is fixed in place with adhesive. The small power supply converts 120/240V AC mains power to a lower voltage (12V or 24V), it fits in the cavity behind the aluminum PCB.

Shell assembly consists of locking the shell in place with screws. A plastic shell covers the power supply and connects with the metal heatsink and LED circuit board. Ventilation holes are included to allow hot air to escape. Wiring assembly for plug socket requires soldering wires to the bulb socket. Then shell is attached.

Next, the completed LED light is sent to burn-in testing and quality control. The burn-in test typically lasts for 30 minutes. The completed LED light bulb is then powered up to see if it is working properly and burned in for 30 minutes. There is also a high-voltage leakage and breakdown test and power consumption and power factor test. Samples from the production run are tested for high-voltage leaks, power consumption, and power factor (efficiency).

The finished bulbs pass through one final crimping step as the metal socket base is crimped in place, are bar-coded and identified with lot numbers. External safety labels are applied and the bulb is inked with information, such as brand and model number. Finally, all that’s left is to fix on the clear plastic LED cover which is glued in place.

After a final check to make sure all the different parts of the LED light are tight, then it is packed into individual boxes, and bulbs are shipped out.

So, if you have wondered why LED light bulbs are so expensive today, this explanation of how they are manufactured and how that compares to the manufacture of traditional light bulbs should help. However, it also reveals why the cost will fall pretty dramatically over the next few years. Just as the cost of manufacturing other semiconductor-based products has fallen dramatically due to standardization, automation and other key steps along the manufacturing learning curve, the same inexorable forces will drive down the costs of LED light bulb production.

For practical advice about LED lights, including everything you ever wanted to know about LED tube lights, please visit ledtubelights.org and for objective reviews of LED lighting products, please visit LED Light Reviews.

About the Author

James is a small business owner who enjoys sharing the lessons he has learned retrofitting his office and home with energy-efficient LED lighting. In fact, he likes LED lights so much, that he has become sort of an LED lighting evangelist. For practical advice about LED lights, including everything you ever wanted to know about LED tube lights, please visit ledtubelights.org.

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LED Vintage Park Deck Light by Kichler $74 Adds a sweet touch of English garden charm to outdoor living areas. The Kichler Lighting LED Vintage Park Deck Light is made from durable cast aluminum and has an energy efficient integrated LED light. Consider adding several of these around a deck, outdoor kitchen or flower garden. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. The Kichler Lighting LED Vintage Park Deck Light is available with the following: Details: Cast aluminum constructionTextured Tannery Bronze finish72" wireUL Listed for wet locationsLighting: One 1.9 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships in 3-5 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Width 3.5 In., Height 2.25 In., Depth 1.72 In.

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Design Pro LED Night Light by Kichler $52.5 Read first! There are four steps to completing this Design Pro System; you have to configure-to-order this item. See below for details. The Kichler Design Pro LED Night Light is one part of this system. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. This system requires additional steps for completion. Select and purchase additional needed parts from the list of related itemsbelow. To complete your Undercounter system, you need to select and purchase: Design Pro LED Light and/or Design Pro LED Disk Light, optional Dimming Switch or Night Light, Interconnect Cables, and Power Supply. Please call customer service for any questions. This configure-to-order Design Pro System requires 4 steps for completion: (See below for more details.) Step 1. Select your choice of light fixture size and finish (Design Pro LED and/or Design Pro LED Disk), Disk Connector, optional Disc Wire Extension. Step 2. Select an optional Dimmer Switch or Night Light. Step 3. Select quantity, size and finish of Interconnect Cables. Step 4. Select Power Supply. Step 1. DesignPro LED Light: From this page, select the desired size andfinish of Lights you would like by adding each new style to the shopping cart and continuing to add to the cart until the desired number of lamps has been chosen. This is also a good time to select any Design Pro LED Disk fixtures for your configuration. After choosing your lights, select an optional Dimmer or Night Light. If you do not wish to choose one, proceed to Step 3: Interconnect Cables. This is Step 2. Optional Dimmer Switch and Nightlight: Choose an optional Dimming Switch or Night Light for your system. Use a Dimming Switch to control the light level. Use a Night Light when a low light level is desired. Next, select your Interconnect Cables. Step 3. Interconnect Cables: Click on the Interconnect Cables image from below. Select the quantity, size, and finish of Interconnect cables. For additional different sizes, select item and add to cart one piece at a time. The Internet cables connect multiple fixtures together. Next step is choosing your power supply option. Step 4. Power Supply: From below, select your desired Power Supply link. Choice includes: Under Cabinet Mounted Power Supply, Remote Control Power Supply (Design Pro Power Supply Lead needed with this option; options will appear on product page), or Plug-In Power Supply. The Kichler Design Pro LED Night Light is available with the following: Details:Made of polycarbonate Can be installed directly to the supply lead or placed between any two fixturesUL ListedETL ListedOptions:Color: Black (shown), or White.Shipping: This item usually ships in 3-5 days. Dimensions: Item: Height .5 In., Width 3.5 In.,

Element 790 LED Task Light by Humanscale $449 Featuring advanced LED technology, the Humanscale Element 790 LED Task Light combines aesthetics with unmatched lighting performance. Using only six watts to produce incandescent lighting levels, the Element 790 boasts a lifespan equal to that of 25 years of daily use in a typical 9-to-5 office environment. This upgraded version of the Element Classic also offers an intuitive dimmer control that offers 7 levels of light intensity. Since their inception in 1983, Humanscale has been a pioneer in pushing design forward in the areas of ergonomics and energy efficiency. Superior performance, effortless operation and excellent quality set their contemporary LED lighting and modern furniture products apart from the rest--allowing the modern work environment to be more comfortable and less complicated so the individual can focus on the task at hand. The Humanscale Element 790 LED Task Light is available with the following: Details:Made of aluminum and plastic On/off dimmer switch on shadeDimmer switch offers 7 levels of light intensity90 degree head rotation (side-to-side)135 degree head tilt (front-to-back)360 degree swivel from baseUtilizes MCX LED Technology Unique replaceable head allows for easy in-house repair Internal counterbalance provides fingertip adjustabilityHeat-dispersing design Designed to easily fit under overhead bins and on virtually any desktop work space Folds away when not in useUniversal power supply Interchangeable plug options for worldwide compatibility81% recycled content99% recyclableEnergy efficientLifespan: 50,000 hoursColor Temperature: Neutral White 3500 KCRI: 85Lumens: 250CE RatedOptions:Finish: Black, Silver, or White.Mount Option: Clamp, or Desktop Base.Lighting: One 6 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 5-7 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Height Adjustable from 18 In. to 28 In. Arm: Reach Adjustable to 28 In.

LED Mini Outdoor Deck Light by Kichler $68 Taking safety and style into consideration, the Kichler Lighting LED Mini Outdoor Deck Light is a trusty option for adding accent lighting to deck posts and patios. Its petite frame and LED lighting offers bright energy efficient lighting in a design that won't distract from the landscape and works with a number of home architecture styles. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. The Kichler Lighting LED Mini Outdoor Deck Light is available with the following: Details: Die-cast aluminum construction 72" wireUL Listed for wet locationsOptions: Finish: Beach (shown), Textured Architectural Bronze, Textured Black, or Textured White.Lighting: One 1.9 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (not included). Shipping: This item usually ships in 3-5 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Height 2.37 In., Width 3.75 In., Depth 2.25 In.

Design Pro LED Undercabinet Light by Kichler $103 Read first! There are four steps to completing this Design Pro System; you have to configure-to-order this item. See below for details. The Design Pro LED Undercabinet Light is one part of the Kichler Design Pro System. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. This system requires additional steps for completion. Select and purchase additional needed parts from the list of related itemsbelow. To complete your Undercounter system, you need to select and purchase: Design Pro LED Light and/or Design Pro LED Disk Light, optional Dimming Switch or Nightlight, Interconnect Cables, and Power Supply. Please call customer service for any questions. This configure-to-order Design Pro System requires 4 steps for completion: (See below for more details.) Step 1. Select your choice of light fixture size and finish (Design Pro LED and/or Design Pro LED Disk), Disk Connector, optional Disc Wire Extension. Step 2. Select an optional Dimmer Switch or Nightlight. Step 3. Select quantity, size and finish of Interconnect Cables. Step 4. Select Power Supply. This is Step 1. DesignPro LED Light: From this page, select the desired size andfinish of Lights you would like by adding each new style to the shopping cart and continuing to add to the cart until the desired number of lamps has been chosen. This is also a good time to select any Design Pro LED Disk fixtures for your configuration. After choosing your lights, select an optional Dimmer or Nightlight. If you do not wish to choose one, proceed to Step 3: Interconnect Cables. Step 2. Optional Dimmer Switch and Nightlight: Choose an optional Dimming Switch or Nightlight for your system. Use a Dimming Switch to control the light level. Use a Nightlight when a low light level is desired. Next, select your Interconnect Cables. Step 3. Interconnect Cables: Click on the Interconnect Cables image from below. Select the quantity, size, and finish of Interconnect cables. For additional different sizes, select item and add to cart one piece at a time. The Internet cables connect multiple fixtures together. Next step is choosing your power supply option. Step 4. Power Supply: From below, select your desired Power Supply link. Choice includes: Under Cabinet Mounted Power Supply, or Remote Control Power Supply (Design Pro Power Supply Lead needed with this option, options will appear on product page). The Kichler Design Pro LED Undercabinet Light is available with the following: Details:Clear glass panelMade of aluminum Ultra thin profileHigh brightness LEDCaptive screws for ease of installationEnergy EfficientENERGY STAR qualified when used with the Remote Power Supply, 3 fixtures, and a minimum of 20 wattsThe Design Pro LED Disk can also

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LED Half Moon Deck Light by Kichler $74 Energy efficient lighting for the deck or patio. The Kichler Lighting LED Half Moon Deck Light is a minimalist, contemporary deck light that features a Satin Etched glass diffuser and aluminum or solid brass construction. Available in two finishes to best match a variety of deck stains and styles. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. The Kichler Lighting LED Half Moon Deck Light is available with the following: Details: Satin Etched glass diffuserAluminum or solid brass construction 72" wireUL Listed for wet locationsOptions: Finish and Diffuser: Brass with Brass, or Textured Architectural Bronze with Aluminum (shown).Lighting: One 1.9 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships in 3-5 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Diameter 4 In., Height 4 In.

Ledra R Swivel LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $204 The Bruck Lighting Ledra R Swivel LED Recessed Light shows a superlative adornment that lends grace to your walls while radiating white light. The Ledra R Swivel LED Recessed Light features a 360 degrees rotation and 90 degrees tilt. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, CA, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra R Swivel LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features:Head rotates 350 degrees.Tilt 70 degrees.Metal body.One ceiling canopy.One 2 inch J-box and LED Driver.ETL Listed.UL Listed.Energy Efficient.Options:Color: Warm White, or White.Finish: Bronze, Matte Chrome (shown), or White Finish.Lamp: Flood Light, Medium, or Spot.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Height 1.12 In. Head: Diameter 1.25 In.

Ledra 12 LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $204 The Bruck Lighting Ledra 12 LED Recessed Light denotes modernity since its clean and crisp design offers trendy illumination to your room. The Ledra 12 LED Recessed Light features a metal body. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, CA, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra 12 LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features:Metal body.One 2 inch J-box and LED Driver.ETL Listed.UL Listed for dry locations.Energy Efficient.Options:Color: Warm White, or White.Finish: Matte Chrome (shown), or White Finish.Lamp: Flood Light, Medium, or Spot.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Diameter 2.5 In.

Nexus LED Elbow Landscape Light by Hinkley Lighting $158 A sleek, contemporary option for exterior energy efficient garden lighting, the Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Elbow Landscape Light offers 180 degree swivel action and 350 degree head rotation to best light paths, signs, tall hedging, or anything you think deserves to be noticed. Lens is made of high impact acrylic. Powder finished for a great lasting look. Cleveland-based Hinkley Lighting is driven by a passion to combine design and function to create exceptional lighting solutions. Family-owned Hinkley began as a traditional lantern company in 1922, and, still today, they produce top quality outdoor lighting. Hinkley Lighting has also expanded to include a full range of interior lighting solutions, including chandeliers, sconces, pendants and vanity lights. The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Elbow Landscape Light is available with the following: Details:Bronze powder-coated marine grade finishAluminum construction180 degree swivel action350 degree head rotationHigh impact acrylic lens36" leadwireUL Listed for wet locationsNOTE: Driver and stem not included. Options:Size: Large, or Small.Lighting:Large option utilizes one 6 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Small option utilizes one 3 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Shipping: This item usually ships within 7 days. Dimensions: Large Fixture: Width 1 In., Height 17.75 In. Small Fixture: Height 11.75 In., Width 1 In.

Nexus LED Swivel Landscape Light by Hinkley Lighting $158 Take landscape lighting to the next level with the Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Swivel Landscape Light. Offering a 90 degree elbow with a 350 degree head rotation, plants, garden paths, even walls are all within reach of warm, natural looking light. Energy efficient and powder-coated for long lasting enjoyment. Cleveland-based Hinkley Lighting is driven by a passion to combine design and function to create exceptional lighting solutions. Family-owned Hinkley began as a traditional lantern company in 1922, and, still today, they produce top quality outdoor lighting. Hinkley Lighting has also expanded to include a full range of interior lighting solutions, including chandeliers, sconces, pendants and vanity lights. The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Swivel Landscape Light is available with the following: Details:High impact acrylic lensBronze powder-coated marine grade finishAluminum construction90 degree elbow350 degree head rotation36" leadwireUL Listed for wet locationsNOTE: Driver and stem not included. Options:Size: Large, or Small.Lighting:Large option utilizes one 6 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Small option utilizes one 3 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Shipping: This item usually ships within 7 days. Dimensions: Large Fixture: Width 21 In., Height 7 In. Small Fixture: Width 14.5 In., Height 7 In.

Ledra Uno LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $236 The Bruck Lighting Ledra Uno LED Recessed Light weaves tranquility in the atmosphere by emitting cool radiations while exhibiting an innovative pattern. The Ledra Uno LED Recessed Light features metal body. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, A, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra Uno LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features:Metal body.One J-box and LED Driver.ETL Listed.UL Listed.Energy Efficient.Options:Color: Warm White, or White (shown).Finish: Chrome, or Matte Chrome (shown).Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Diameter 2.5 In., Height .5 In.

Ledra Duo LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $236 The Bruck Lighting Ledra Duo LED Recessed Light is a stylish fixture that disperses calmness in your room while accentuating its excellence. The Ledra Duo LED Recessed Light features metal body. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, CA, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra Duo LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features: Metal body. One J-box and LED Driver. ETL Listed. UL Listed.Energy Efficient.Options: Color: Warm White, or White. Finish: Chrome (shown), or Matte Chrome.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Diameter 2.5 In., Height .5 In.

Ledra Orbi LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $236 The Bruck Lighting Ledra Orbi LED Recessed Light is a dainty, elegant fixture that instills simplicity in your room while spreading a comforting illumination. The Ledra Orbi LED Recessed Light features metal body. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, CA, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra Orbi LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features:Metal body.One J-box and LED Driver.ETL Listed.UL Listed.Energy Efficient.Options:Color: Blue, Warm White, or White.Finish: Chrome, or Matte Chrome (shown).Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Diameter 2.5 In., Height 1.06 In.

Hagen LED Pendant by ET2 $158 Subtle and sleek, the ET2 Hagen LED Pendant is a thin disk of clear beveled glass suspended from barely visible strands of filament. The disk holds a cool LED light that plays across the surface of the glass and culminates in a crisp ring of beveled luminescence. ET2, headquartered in California, offers a range of contemporary lighting fixtures and chandeliers that utilize crisp and clean glass styles and bright metal finishes to enhance modern and contemporary interiors. ET2 is a division of the Maxim Lighting Group. The ET2 Hagen LED Pendant is available with the following: Details: Clear and White glass disksMetal supportsPolished Chrome finishRound ceiling canopyCan be used on sloped ceilings (up to 120 degrees)UL ListedLighting: Three 1 Watt 120 Volt Type T24 LED arrays (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 4-5 business days. Dimensions: Fixture: Height 5.5 In., Diameter 7 In., Overall Hanging Length Adjustable from 16 In. to 124 In.

Ledra AL-J LED Recessed Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $252 The Bruck Lighting Ledra AL-J LED Recessed Light enlivens your room with a soft, intimate glow while instilling modern classiness and charm. The Ledra AL-J LED Recessed Light features borosilicate glass diffuser, aluminum body and Matte Chrome finish. Bruck Lighting Systems, founded in Germany in 1968, combines technologically-advanced lighting designs with innovative energy efficient light sources. The expansive lighting collection from Bruck ranges from flexible LED track lighting to hand-blown glass pendants to sleek display lighting. The Bruck Lighting Ledra AL-J LED Recessed Light is available with the following: Included Features: One dome-shaped, borosilicate glass diffuser. Aluminum body. Matte Chrome finish. One ceiling canopy. One J-box and LED Driver. ETL Listed. UL Listed for dry locations. UL Listed for wet locations.Energy Efficient.Options: Color: Amber, Blue (shown), Green, Red, Warm White, or White. Finish: Matte Chrome. Lens Option: Frosted Lens.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Diffuser: Diameter 2.25 In. Fixture: Height 2.62 In. Ceiling Canopy: Diameter 4.62 In.

Valente LED Pendant by Eurofase $633.6 The Eurofase Valente LED Pendant is both sleek and luxurious, with a sheer band complemented by a diamond-like cluster of Clear crystals. The crystals sparkle brightly with the light from the inner LED array. The ring-shaped frame and coordinating canopy are available in a variety of fashionable painted finishes. Based in Toronto, Canada, Eurofase has been presenting artful and innovative illumination since 1989. They continually promote the use of cost-saving lighting technologies, including LED, halogen and compact fluorescent, in an effort to provide for the lighting needs of an expanding energy efficient culture. The Eurofase Valente LED Pendant is available with the following: Details:Clear crystalsPlastic frameRound ceiling canopy72" suspension cablesLED Color Temperature: 3500 KEnergy efficientETL ListedOptions:Finish: Black, Gold, Red, Silver, or White.Lighting: Ten 1 Watt 120 Volt LED lamps (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within five business days. Dimensions: Fixture: Overall Hanging Length Adjustable to 93.75 In., Height 21.75 In., Width 20.5 In., Depth 6.25 In. Cable: Length 72 In.

Design Pro LED Undercounter Light Power Cord Accessory by Kichler $7 The Kichler Design Pro LED Undercounter Light Power Cord Accessory is designed for use with the Kichler Design Pro LED Direct Wire system. Includes a 38" power cord with plug. Since 1938, Cleveland-based Kichler Lighting has created exceptional lighting in a variety of styles, finishes, colors and designs. With a diverse collection of indoor and outdoor lighting in classic and contemporary styles, Kichler Lighting always focuses on making home lighting that is both beautiful and functional. The Kichler Design Pro LED Undercounter Light Power Cord Accessory is available with the following: Details:White plastic38" power cord with plugUL ListedShipping: This item usually ships in 3-5 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Length 40 In.

Ledra 4 LED Spot Light by Bruck Lighting Systems $192 The Bruck Lighting Ledra 4" LED Spot Light bestows soft illumination while its refined look grants a contemporary semblance to your room. The Ledra 4" LED Spot Light features a 360 degrees rotation and 90 degrees tilt. Bruck Lighting, located in Tustin, CA, creates beautiful lighting products using pioneering innovation, design, and engineering. The Bruck Lighting Ledra 4" LED Spot Light is available with the following: Included Features: Head rotates 360 degrees. Tilt 90 degrees. Metal body. One ceiling canopy. LED Driver included. ETL Listed. UL Listed.Energy Efficient.Options: Color: Warm White, or White. Finish: Bronze, or Matte Chrome (chrome). Lamp: Flood Light, Medium, or Spot.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Head: Diameter 1.25 In. Fixture: Height 2.25 In., Diameter 4.5 In.

EZ Step LED by Alico $92 The Alico EZ Step LED is a contemporary option for adding safety to the home with a chic and simple design. The light comes with a driver and features a double-round opal acrylic diffuser that creates a bright, warm glow. Install in any single gang outlet box and add a touch of lighting to stairways, hallways and corridors. From their headquarters in Ontario, Canada, Alico Lighting has been "bringing your world to light" for more than fifty years. Their line of high-quality transitional and contemporary indoor lighting both illuminates and beautifies, all the while employing the latest in energy-saving lighting technology. The Alico EZ Step LED is available with the following: Details:White Opal acrylic shadeMetal supportsRectangular wall plateInstalls in any single gang outlet boxClass II electronic driver includedUL ListedADA CompliantOptions:Finish: Bronze, Brushed Aluminum, or White.Lighting: One 0.7 Watt 120 Volt LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 2 days. Dimensions: Fixture: Depth .88 In., Width 3 In., Height 4.88 In.

LED Monorail by Wilmette Lighting $420.8 The Wilmette Lighting LED Monorail Kit is the easiest way to order a superb LED monorail lighting system. Each MonoRail lighting kit comes with all the power and hardware you need for most basic installations of a quality, low-voltage lighting system. Wilmette Lighting, headquartered in Wilmette, Illinois, designs and manufactures superb historical lighting fixtures for indoor and outdoor applications. The Wilmette Lighting LED Monorail is available with the following: Kit Included Features: (1) 8 Foot hand-bendable MonoRail (2) sets of decorative end caps (2) rigid standoff supports LED 60 Watt flat surface monorail transformer. ETL Listed.Options:Finish: Antique Bronze, or Satin Nickel.Shipping: This item usually ships within three- to five business days.

Nexus LED Mini-Bollard Landscape Light by Hinkley Lighting $138 The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Mini-Bollard Landscape Light offers warm, white light in an energy efficient design perfect for adding a natural-looking light to paths, garden landscapes, signs, or washing exterior walls with illumination. Available in two sizes. Cleveland-based Hinkley Lighting is driven by a passion to combine design and function to create exceptional lighting solutions. Family-owned Hinkley began as a traditional lantern company in 1922, and, still today, they produce top quality outdoor lighting. Hinkley Lighting has also expanded to include a full range of interior lighting solutions, including chandeliers, sconces, pendants and vanity lights. The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED Mini-Bollard Landscape Light is available with the following: Details:Bronze poweder-coated marine grade finish350 degree head rotationHigh impact acrylic lensAluminum construction36" leadwireUL Listed for wet locationsNOTE: Driver and Stem not included. Options:Size: Large, or Small.Lighting:Large option utilizes one 6 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Small option utilizes one 3 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included).Shipping: This item usually ships within 7 days. Dimensions: Large Fixture: Width 14 In., Height 1 In. Small Fixture: Height 1 In., Width 8 In.

Berenice LED Table Lamp by Luceplan $531 The Luceplan Berenice LED Table Lamp provides a warm white light that helps eyes remain stress-free throughout the workday. Designed by Alberto Meda and Paolo Rizzatto, the Berenice LED Table Lamp features a highly efficient, energy-saving LED design with excellent adjustability. Luceplan, an Italian company, has a long history of LED pioneering research and development that brought to market many award winning lighting designs. Today, environmentally compatible light quality, beauty and effectiveness are taking Luceplan to new innovative heights. The Luceplan Berenice LED Table Lamp is available with the following: Details:Die-cast magnesium shadeClear glass diffuserDie-cast round aluminum baseDie-cast aluminum armAdjustable shade and armOn/off toggle switch on shadeLow voltage current reaches the light source through its rods without electric wiringEnergy efficientUL ListedDesigned by Alberto Meda and Paolo RizzattoOptions:Finish: Aluminum, or Black.Lighting: One 10 Watt 120 Volt Warm White LED lamp (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within two business days. Dimensions: Arm: Length 17 In. Diffuser: Diameter 4 In., Height 1.8 In. Base: Diameter 6 In., Height 2.4 In. Fixture: Reach Adjustable to 34 In.

Pearl LED Pendant by ET2 $304.2 The ingenious design of the ET2 Pearl LED Pendant causes diffused light to dance across numerous angles of chrome and glass. This pendant features a 5-light LED placed between a beveled glass layer and a small frosted plate. Designed to enhance a variety of modern spaces, including kitchens, bedrooms, alcoves and offices. ET2, headquartered in California, offers a range of contemporary lighting fixtures and chandeliers that utilize crisp and clean glass styles and bright metal finishes to enhance modern and contemporary interiors. ET2 is a division of the Maxim Lighting Group. The ET2 Pearl LED Pendant is available with the following: Details:White glass diffuserLarge Clear beveled platePolished Chrome finishSquare ceiling canopy120" cableDecorative sleeve cover for cableColor Temperature: 3000 KLumens: 43750,000 hr lifespanUL ListedLighting: Five 1 Watt 120 Volt LEDs; 5 Watts total (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 4-5 business days. Dimensions: Shade: Height 2 In., Width 8 In., Depth 2 In. Fixture: Overall Hanging Length Adjustable from 18 In. to 122 In.

Laguna LED Bouquet Multi-Light Pendant by Bruck Lighting $2160 The Bruck Lighting Laguna LED Bouquet Multi-Light Pendant appears as a cluster of glowing, speckled eggs. Seven mouth-blown glass shades offer artisan charm and warmth, available in a number of color choices. An energy efficient option for sophisticated transitional and contemporary spaces. Complement with the Laguna Pendant for a unified look. Bruck Lighting Systems, founded in Germany in 1968, combines technologically-advanced lighting designs with innovative energy efficient light sources. The expansive lighting collection from Bruck ranges from flexible LED track lighting to hand-blown glass pendants to sleek display lighting. The Bruck Lighting Laguna LED Bouquet Multi-Light Pendant is available with the following: Details:7 mouth-blown glass shadesMetal supportsRound ceiling canopy59" cablesShort circuit and overload protectionThermal protectionAdjustable heightUL ListedOptions:Finish: Bronze, Chrome, or Matte Chrome.Shade: Brown and Cream, Navy and White, Smoky Bubble, Vanilla Pebble, White with Silver Flakes, or Yellow and White.Lighting: Seven 3 Watt 120 Volt LED lamps (not included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1 - 2 weeks. Dimensions: Hanging Length: Overall Length Adjustable to 62.1 In. Cable: Length 59 In. Fixture: Height 3.1 In., Overall Diameter 15.9 In. Ceiling Canopy: Diameter 4.5 In.

Bobo LED Sconce by Bruck Lighting $290 The bright and bubbly Bruck Lighting Bobo LED Sconce is also a gorgeous example of energy efficiency. The light emitted by the inner LED array is cast outward in a dramatically sparkling wash, courtesy of the many tiny air bubbles captured within the glistening glass shade. Available with Blue or Red glass and a choice of finish. Bruck Lighting, founded in Germany in 1968, combines technologically-advanced lighting designs with innovative energy efficient light sources. The expansive lighting collection from Bruck ranges from flexible LED track lighting to hand-blown glass pendants to sleek display lighting. The Bruck Lighting Bobo LED Sconce is available with the following: Details:Spherical bubble glass shade, made in AustriaMetal base and shade holderRound wall plateElectronic LED driverShort circuit, overload and thermal protectionLED Color Temperature: 3000KCRI: 93120 lumensOptions:Finish: Bronze, Chrome, or Matte Chrome.Glass Color: Blue, or Red.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED array (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1-2 weeks. Dimensions: Shade: Diameter 4.38 In., Height 3.25 In. Wall Plate: Diameter 4.5 In.

Nexus LED T-Connector Landscape Light by Hinkley Lighting $278 The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED T-Connector Landscape Light provides dual lighting in a warm, natural looking energy efficient design for garden paths, landscaping, signs--anything that deserves to be seen. Features a 350 degree head rotation. Powder coated for long lasting enjoyment. Cleveland-based Hinkley Lighting is driven by a passion to combine design and function to create exceptional lighting solutions. Family-owned Hinkley began as a traditional lantern company in 1922, and, still today, they produce top quality outdoor lighting. Hinkley Lighting has also expanded to include a full range of interior lighting solutions, including chandeliers, sconces, pendants and vanity lights. The Hinkley Lighting Nexus LED T-Connector Landscape Light is available with the following: Details:High impact acrylic lensBronze powder coated marine grade finish350 degree head rotationAluminum construction36" leadwireUL Listed for wet locationsNOTE: Driver and stem not included. Options:Size: Large, or Small.Lighting:Large option utilizes two 6 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamps (included).Small option utilizes two 3 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamps (included).Shipping: This item usually ships within 7 days. Dimensions: Large Fixture: Height 2.5 In., Width 32 In. Small Fixture: Width 19.5 In., Height 2.5 In.

LED Pendant No. 9622/20 by Holtkoetter $2200 The Holtkoetter LED Pendant No. 9622/20 is long, lean and low...voltage, that is. The sleek twenty LED array provides bright downlighting, but only uses the equivalent of 24 watts. The attached counterweight adds further linear interest to the fixture and also allows for easy height adjustment. Available in three different finishes. Influenced by Bauhaus principles of "form follows function" design, German company Holtkoetter is dedicated to providing highly sophisticated yet streamlined lighting with both strong engineering and a smooth, modern aesthetic. Holtkoetter lighting fixtures have been assembled for U.S. market in St. Paul, Minnesota since 1983. The Holtkoetter LED Pendant No. 9622/20 is available with the following: Details:Metal frameRectangular ceiling canopySuspension cablesCounterweight included for easy height adjustmentEnergy EfficientLumens: 1600 Color Temperature: 2780 K (approximately the same light output as one 100W halogen bulb)Made in Germany; assembled in the USAUL ListedOptions:Finish: Chrome, Hand Brushed Old Bronze, or Satin Nickel.Care Instructions: Use only a soft, dry cloth to clean. If necessary, a slightly damp, soft cloth can be used to spot clean. Do not use common household cleaners on lamps or fixtures, as the lacquer on the outside of the brass may be damaged as a result. Lighting: Twenty LED Lamp Array equalling 24 Watts (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within five business days. Dimensions: Fixture: Height Adjustable from 39.25 In. to 67 In., Width 38 In.

Footlight LED by Coe Studios $260 Energy efficient and all-weather ready. Made of durable solid bronze, the Coe Studios Footlight LED is designed for lighting exterior walls, stairways, fences, and places where a downlight makes for safer footing. With its simple, clean design, the Coe Studios Footlight is suited to a wide range of architectural styles and garden settings. The Footlight LED can be adapted for use with either low-voltage or 120-volt installations. Starting out with just one Garden Lamp design, Coe Studios was founded more than 25 years ago in Berkeley, California, by Jerry Coe. Now, the architectural lighting from Coe Studios has grow into a fine quality line of durable, solid bronze lamps. Their clean, simple style is designed to work with many gardens and homes, from contemporary to traditional. The Coe Studios Footlight LED is available with the following: Details:Glass lensSolid bronze constructionUL Listed for wet locationsEnergy efficientDesigned by Jerry CoeOptions:Glass: Clear, or Frosted.Lamping: Cool, or Warm.Lighting: One 2.5 Watt 12 Volt Low-voltage LED lamp (included). Shipping: This is a custom product and made to order. It usually ships within 2 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Depth 2 In., Width 4.75 In., Height 4.75 In.

Bolero LED Sconce by Bruck Lighting $380 The exciting, nebulous patterns and swirling colors in every glass option of the Bruck Lighting Bolero LED Sconce name are designed to inspire. These patterns are made even more stunning when illuminated by the LED array within. Coordinate with a variety of possible finishes on the metal base. Bruck Lighting, founded in Germany in 1968, combines technologically-advanced lighting designs with innovative energy efficient light sources. The expansive lighting collection from Bruck ranges from flexible LED track lighting to hand-blown glass pendants to sleek display lighting. The Bruck Lighting Bolero LED Sconce is available with the following: Details:Free-blown glass shade, made in USAMetal base and shade holderRound wall plateElectronic LED driverShort circuit, overload and thermal protectionLED Color Temperature: 3000KCRI: 93120 lumensOptions:Finish: Bronze, Chrome, or Matte Chrome.Glass Color: Amber, Autumn Leaf, Seafoam, or Typhoon.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 volt LED array (included). Please Note: Bolero glass is free-blown glass, which receives its shape directly from the furnace. This results in one-of-the-kind pieces with subtle variations in shape and color pattern. Shipping: This item usually ships within 1-2 weeks. Dimensions: Shade: Diameter 4 In., Height 5.5 In. Wall Plate: Diameter 4.5 In.

Zara LED Sconce by Bruck Lighting $310 The Bruck Lighting Zara LED Sconce features a curved cone shade made out of gorgeously patterned and colored glass, or frosty White. All glass options are enhanced by the glow of the inner LED array as well as by the various finishes available on the metal base. Install as either an uplight or downlight. Bruck Lighting, founded in Germany in 1968, combines technologically-advanced lighting designs with innovative energy efficient light sources. The expansive lighting collection from Bruck ranges from flexible LED track lighting to hand-blown glass pendants to sleek display lighting. The Bruck Lighting Zara LED Sconce is available with the following: Details: Cone-shaped glass shadeMetal base and shade holderRound wall plateElectronic LED driver includedShort circuit, overload and thermal protectionCan be mounted as uplight or downlightLED Color Temperature: 3000KCRI: 93120 lumensUL ListedOptions:Finish: Bronze, Chrome, or Matte Chrome.Glass Color: Blue, Brown, Cinnamon, Red, or White.Lighting: One 3 Watt 120 Volt LED array (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 1-2 weeks. Dimensions: Shade: Diameter 3.88 In., Height 6.5 In. Wall Plate: Diameter 4.5 In.

Genesy LED Floor Lamp by Artemide $10515 An experiment in architecture, the Artemide Genesy LED Floor Lamp is rooted at the base, growing up and out just like a tree creating a canopy. The LED and halogen lamps are independently controlled via a touch sensor at the lamp's center, and a no-dazzle diffuser allows for approachable lighting. Since 1959, Artemide has created a wide array of modern table lamps, floor lamps, wall sconces and suspensions. Technologically advanced, and with styles ranging from clean and refined to sculptural and avant garde, many Artemide designs--especially the Tolomeo and Tizio--have become icons of contemporary lighting design. The Artemide Genesy LED Floor Lamp is available with the following: Details:Made of injection-molded foam polyurethanePolished finishDirect LED light and indirect halogen light operated separately by two touch dimmers on the lampMade in ItalyDesigned by Zaha Hadid, 2009Options:Finish: Black, or White.Lighting: One 200 Watt 120 Volt Type T3 Halogen lamp (included), and a 5 Watt 120 Volt LED array (included). Shipping: This item usually ships within 10-16 weeks. Dimensions: Fixture: Height 76.75 In., Width 48 In.