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Laser Optics

Evolution of Dpss Lasers From Gas Lasers

Since early developments in the 1960's, lasers have gone through a number of transformations using different types of technology. The previous generation of lasers were bulky and fragile gas lasers such as ion lasers. The current generation of lasers are diode pumped solid state lasers or DPSS for short.

Diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers are solid-state lasers made by pumping a solid gain medium, for example, a ruby or a neodymium-doped YAG crystal, with a laser diode.

The most common DPSS laser in use is the 532 nm wavelength green laser pointer The green light from the green laser pointer is generated by a process called frequency doubling. The beam typically originates as a 808nm beam from an infrared A1GaAs laser diode. This beam then pumps a crystal made of neodymium-doped vanadate or Nd:YAG to produce a deeper infrared beam with a wavelength of 1064nm.

The last part of the process is passing the 1064nm beam into a KTP (potassium titanyl phosphate) crystal which acts as a frequency doubler and halves the wavelength of the beam to green 532nm laser beam.

The Viper laser pointer, the Hulk portable laser and the other lasers from Dragonlasers are DPSS lasers and use the same principle of pumping a crystal with a laser diode to produce a laser beam.

Advantages of DPSS lasers

DPSS lasers have a number of important over the older gas lasers

They are solid state with no fragile gas filled tube which requires the gas pressure to be maintained correctly for optimal performance.

· Durability: DPSS lasers are more rugged than the typical gas lasers that use a gas filled tube with precise pressure requirements.

· Resonators: DPSS lasers not require the complex resonator structures found in gas lasers.

· Optics: The optics in DPSS lasers are much smaller than the optics in gas lasers. This allows the optics of DPSS lasers to be adjusted in the factory, an adjustment that will normally last the life of the laser. The optics in gas lasers on the other hand need adjustment prior to each use.

· Size: DPSS lasers are much more compact that gas lasers.

· Efficiency: A typical gas laser will output about 2-3% of its electrical input as light. The other 97-98% electrical input will be lost as heat. One reason why gas lasers typically need water cooling. DPSS lasers are much more efficient and output 25-30% of their electrical input as light.

Article is courtesy of Dragonlasers - No 1 lasers, laser pointer and green laser online store

About the Author

Frank is from Dragonlasers at http://www.dragonlasers.com

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Optics For Dummies $9.99 Use optics principles and devices properly. Avoid common mistakes in working with typical optics problems. Determine image locations and characteristics with simple calculations. Grasp the basic concepts behind lasers and laser applications.

Progress in Optics $203 In the fourty-six years that have gone by since the first volume of Progress in Optics was published, optics has become one of the most dynamic fields of science. The volumes in this series which have appeared up to now contain nearly 300 review articles by distinguished research workers, which have become permanent records for many important developments. - Historial Overview - Attosecond Laser Pulses - History of Conical refraction - Particle Concept of Light - Field Quantization in Optics - History of Near-Field Optics - History of Tunneling - Influence of Young's Interference Experiment ob Development of Statistical optics - Planck, Photon Statistics and Bose-Einstein Condensation

Nonlinear Optics $104 Nonlinear optics is the study of the interaction of intense laser light with matter. The third edition of this textbook has been rewritten to conform to the standard SI system of units and includes comprehensively updated material on the latest developments in the field. The book introduces the entire field of optical physics and specifically the area of nonlinear optics. It focuses on the fundamental issues including the electromagnetic origin of optical phenomena, the quantum mechanical description of the optical properties of matter, the role of spatial symmetries in determining the optical response, causality and Kramers Kronig relations, and ultrafast and high intensity optical effects. The book also covers applied aspects of nonlinear optics such as harmonic generation, the operation of parametric oscillators, optical switching, photonics, materials issues in nonlinear optics, and processes such as laser damage that can restrict the use of nonlinear optics. This edition contains new material on: Applications of harmonic generation including applications within the fields of microscopy and biophotonics Electromagnetically induced transparency Spectroscopy based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) Nonlinear Optics appeals to a wide audience of physics, optics, and electrical engineering students, as well as to working researchers and engineers. Those in related fields, such as materials science and chemistry, will also find this book of particular interest. * Presents an introduction to the entire field of optical physics from the perspective of nonlinear optics. * Combines first rate pedagogy with a treatment of fundamental aspects of nonlinear optics * Covers all the latest topics and technology in this ever-evolving industry * Strong emphasis on the fundamentals

Ultrafast Optics $146 A comprehensive treatment of ultrafast optics This book fills the need for a thorough and detailed account of ultrafast optics. Written by one of the most preeminent researchers in the field, it sheds new light on technology that has already had a revolutionary impact on precision frequency metrology, high-speed electrical testing, biomedical imaging, and in revealing the initial steps in chemical reactions. Ultrafast Optics begins with a summary of ultrashort laser pulses and their practical applications in a range of real-world settings. Next, it reviews important background material, including an introduction to Fourier series and Fourier transforms, and goes on to cover: Principles of mode-locking Ultrafast pulse measurement methods Dispersion and dispersion compensation Ultrafast nonlinear optics: second order Ultrafast nonlinear optics: third order Mode-locking: selected advanced topics Manipulation of ultrashort pulses Ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy Terahertz time-domain electromagnetics Professor Weiner's expertise and cutting-edge research result in a book that is destined to become a seminal text for engineers, researchers, and graduate students alike.  

Principles of Laser Spectroscopy and Quantum Optics $95 Principles of Laser Spectroscopy and Quantum Optics is an essential textbook for graduate students studying the interaction of optical fields with atoms. It also serves as an ideal reference text for researchers working in the fields of laser spectroscopy and quantum optics. The book provides a rigorous introduction to the prototypical problems of radiation fields interacting with two- and three-level atomic systems. It examines the interaction of radiation with both atomic vapors and condensed matter systems, the density matrix and the Bloch vector, and applications involving linear absorption and saturation spectroscopy. Other topics include hole burning, dark states, slow light, and coherent transient spectroscopy, as well as atom optics and atom interferometry. In the second half of the text, the authors consider applications in which the radiation field is quantized. Topics include spontaneous decay, optical pumping, sub-Doppler laser cooling, the Heisenberg equations of motion for atomic and field operators, and light scattering by atoms in both weak and strong external fields. The concluding chapter offers methods for creating entangled and spin-squeezed states of matter. Instructors can create a one-semester course based on this book by combining the introductory chapters with a selection of the more advanced material. A solutions manual is available to teachers. Rigorous introduction to the interaction of optical fields with atoms Applications include linear and nonlinear spectroscopy, dark states, and slow light Extensive chapter on atom optics and atom interferometry Conclusion explores entangled and spin-squeezed states of matter Solutions manual (available only to teachers)

Quantum Optics $65 Quantum optics: an introduction is a modern textbook written primarily for advanced undergraduate and masters level students in physics. In addition to standard topics, the text includes a broad range of topics in applied quantum optics such as laser cooling, Bose-Einstein condensation and quantum information processing. - ;Most previous texts on quantum optics have been written primarily for the graduate student market at PhD level and above. Quantum optics: an introduction aims to introduce a wide range of topics at a lower level suitable for advanced undergraduate and Masters level students in physics. The text is divided into four main parts, covering modern topics in both pure and applied quantum optics: I. Introduction and background material. II. Photons. III. Atom-photon interactions. IV. Quantum information processing. The emphasis of the subject development is on intuitive physical understanding rather than mathematical arguments, although many derivations are included where appropriate. The text includes numerous illustrations, with a particular emphasis on the experimental observations. of quantum optical phenomena. Each chapter includes worked examples, together with 10-15 exercises with solutions. Six appendices are included to supplement the main subject material. - ;'Fox has done a remarkable job at picking the key topics from a broad field. A genuinely interesting experiment in undergraduate education could be put together on the basis of Fox's textbook.' Physics Today, September 2007 - ;This is a modern text on quantum optics for advanced undergraduate students. It provides explanations based primarily on intuitive physical understanding, rather than mathematical derivations. The book also includes worked examples and exercises. - CERN Courier

Adaptive Optics for Industry and Medicine $199 Contains contributions based on presentations made at the 4th International Workshop on Adaptive Optics in Industry and Medicine in Munster, Germany, in October 2003. This book treats the development and application of adaptive optics for industry and medicine. Applications range from laser-beam forming to retinal imaging in ophthalmology.

Lighter Side of Adaptive Optics $23.99 Adaptive optics has been under development for well over 40 years. It is an indisputable necessity for all major ground-based astronomical telescopes and is the foundation for laser and wavefront sensor design. Lighter Side of Adaptive Optics is a nontechnical explanation of optics, the atmosphere, and the technology for "untwinkling" the stars. While interweaving a fictional romantic relationship as an analogy to adaptive optics, and inserting satire, humor, and philosophical rants, Tyson makes a difficult scientific topic understandable. The "why" and "how" of adaptive optics has never been more enjoyable.

Optics, Light and Lasers $125 Starting from the concepts of classical optics, Optics, Light and Lasers introduces in detail the phenomena of linear and nonlinear light matter interaction, the properties of modern laser sources, and the concepts of quantum optics. Several examples taken from the scope of modern research are provided to emphasize the relevance of optics in current developments within science and technology. The text has been written for newcomers to the topic and benefits from the author's ability to explain difficult sequences and effects in a straightforward and easily comprehensible way. To this second, completely updated and enlarged edition, new chapters on quantum optics, quantum information, matter waves, photonic fibres and materials have been added, as well as more than 100 problems on laser physics and applied optics.

Optics for Dummies (Paperback) $29.37 The easy way to shed light on Optics In general terms, optics is the science of light. More specifically, optics is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light?including visible, infrared, and ultraviolet?and the interaction of light with matter. Optics For Dummies gives you an approachable introduction to optical science, methods, and applications. You`ll get plain-English explanations of the nature of light and optical effects; reflection, refraction, and diffraction; color dispersion; optical devices, industrial, medical, and military applications; as well as laser light fundamentals. Tracks a typical undergraduate optics course Detailed explanations of concepts and summaries of equations Valuable tips for study from college professors If you`re taking an optics course for your major in physics or engineering, let Optics For Dummies shed light on the subject and help you succeed!

Adaptive Optics Engineering Handbook $179.95 This handbook supplies analytical tools for the design and development of adaptive optics systems to enhance their ability to adjust for atmospheric turbulence, optical fabrication errors, thermally induced distortions, and laser device aberrations.

Handbook of Nonlinear Optics $239.95 This text examines classic theories, experimental methods and practical formulas for exploration of the core topics in nonlinear optics. It contains additional chapters on ultrafast characterization techniques, laser flash photolysis and the electro-optic effect.

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Phase Conjugate Laser Optics $195 No Synopsis Available

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Progress in Optics, Volume 50 $340.43 In the fourtysix years that have gone by since the first volume of Progress in Optics was published, optics has become one of the most dynamic fields of science. The volumes in this series which have appeared up to now contain nearly 300 review articles by distinguished research workers, which have become permanent records for many important developments. Historial Overview Attosecond Laser Pulses History of Conical refraction Particle Concept of Light Field Quantization in Optics History of NearField Optics History of Tunneling Influence of Youngs Interference Experiment ob Development of Statistical optics Planck, Photon Statistics and BoseEinstein Condensation Author: Wolf, Emil/ Berry, M. V./ Bloembergen, N. Series Title: Progress in Optics Series Number: 50 Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 372 Publication Date: 2007/12/01 Language: English Dimensions: 8.96 x 6.57 x 0.84 inches

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Wavefront Optics for Vision Correction $68 This book addresses some of the issues in visual optics with a functional analysis of ocular aberrations, especially for the purpose of vision correction. The basis is the analytical representation of ocular aberrations with a set of orthonormal polynomials, such as Zernike polynomials or the Fourier series. Although the aim of this book is the application of wavefront optics to laser vision correction, most of the theories discussed are equally applicable to other methods of vision correction, such as contact lenses and intraocular lenses.

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MillimetreWave Optics, Devices and Systems $302.61 The millimetrewavelength region of the electromagnetic spectrum is increasingly exploited for a wide range of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Conventionally, this region is considered as lying above microwaves and below the infrared. Hence, in practice, millimetrewave scientists have tended to pick and mix useful techniques on an empirical basis from both these areas. MillimetreWave Optics, Devices and Systems describes the fundamental physics of the quasioptical techniques, devices, and system design for instruments processing millimetrewave signals. Relevant ideas from Gaussian beam mode theory and antenna and transmission line theory are brought together to show the underlying unity of optics and electronics. Aimed at advanced undergraduates and postgraduates as well as millimetrewave, laser optics, antenna, and microwave engineers, this book will also be of interest to manufacturers of millimetrewave and microwave equipment. Author: Lesurf, J. C. G. Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 266 Publication Date: 1990/01/01 Language: English Dimensions: 9.40 x 6.10 x 0.74 inches

Modern Foundations Of Quantum Optics $88.4 This textbook offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the basic ideas in modern quantum optics, beginning with a review of the whole of optics, and culminating in the quantum description of light. The book emphasizes the phenomenon of interference as the key to understanding the behavior of light, and discusses distinctions between the classical and quantum nature of light. Laser operation is reviewed at great length and many applications are covered, such as laser cooling, Bose condensation and the basics of quantum information and teleportation. Quantum mechanics is introduced in detail using the Dirac notation, which is explained from first principles. In addition, a number of non-standard topics are covered such as the impossibility of a light-based Maxwell's demon, the derivation of the Second Law of thermodynamics from the first-order time-dependent quantum perturbation theory, and the concept of Berry's phase. The book emphasizes the physical basics much more than the formal mathematical side, and is ideal for a first, yet in-depth, introduction to the subject. Five sets of problems with solutions are included to further aid understanding of the subject.

Programmable Diffractive Optics $152.95 Several applications of laser beams demand dynamic control over amplitude, phase and polarisation properties of the beams. In microscopy, manipulation of the properties of a laser beam results in a focal spot which may reveal wealth of information from the target. One way of achieving such dynamic control of a laser beam is using a computer controlled diffractive optical element such as a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM). Based on the principle of holography such a technique can manipulate the beam without physically disturbing the experimental setup. This book introduces programmable diffractive optics as a simple and efficient way of generating arbitrary amplitude, phase and polarisation profiles of laser beams. Incorporation of an LCSLM based diffractive optical element in a confocal microscope, along with the relevant theory, is described and the results obtained are presented. This book will be useful for persons working in the field of microscopy, holography, adaptive optics, optical trapping, optical data storage, etc., where dynamic control over the properties of a laser beam can be interesting. Author: Boruah, Bosanta R. Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 180 Publication Date: 2009/08/01 Language: English Dimensions: 9.00 x 6.00 x 0.41 inches

Advances in Information Optics and Photonics $81.6 This volume is the sixth in a series of books initiated in 1989 by the International Commission for Optics (ICO). These books highlight the advances and trends in the research and development of optical sciences, technologies, and applications at the time of their publication. In this age of the photon, information optics and photonics represent the key technologies to sustain our knowledge-based society. New concepts in classical and quantum-entangled light, coherent interaction with matter, and novel materials and processes have led to remarkable advances in today's information science and technology. The ICO is closely involved with information optics, as exemplified by the ICO topical meeting on Optoinformatics / Information Photonics (St. Petersburg, Russia, 2006), the ICO/ICTP Winter College on Quantum and Classical Aspects of Information Optics (Trieste, Italy, 2006), and the many ICO Prizes recently awarded on outstanding contributions on these topics. This book is in part based on these ICO activities. This volume contains a collection of 32 chapters from internationally leading scientists and research groups on a variety of topics in information optics and photonics, including the 2003-2006 ICO Prize winners. The chapters are divided into 7 sections: Beam Optics; Laser Photonics and Components; Electromagnetic Coherence; Imaging, Microscopy, Holography, and Materials; Photonic Processing; Quantum Information and Matter; and Communications and Networks. This volume was edited by Ari T. Friberg, ICO President, and René Dändliker, ICO Past President (2005-2008). Dr. Friberg is Professor of Optics at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden, and Finland Distinguished Professor at Helsinki University of Technology (TKK) and the University of Joensuu, Finland. Dr. Dändliker is Emeritus Professor at the Institute of Microtechnology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and President of the Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences.

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